I- Iphiramidi kaMaslow kungumqondo othakazelisa kakhulu ochaza izidingo zomuntu.
Uma ubambe iqhaza emhlabeni we ukusebenza kwengqondo noma ibhizinisi, impela uzwile ngepiramidi kaMaslow. Iphiramidi nayo isetshenziswa kaningi ekukhangiseni. Kuyisikimu esibeka izidingo zomuntu esigabeni sabaphathi . Leli thuluzi livame ukusetshenziselwa ukusiza ukuqonda izisusa zabantu nezifiso zabo.
Noma ngabe yimuphi umkhakha wokutadisha, lapho sikhuluma ngezidingo zabantu nezisusa, iphiramidi likaMaslow lihlala likhonjiswa. Uma ufuna ukuqonda okwengeziwe ngalo mqondo nokuthi ungasetshenziswa kanjani, usendaweni efanele.
Nakhu okudingeka ukwazi ngepiramidi kaMaslow, umdali wayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo okusebenzayo. Funda futhi ubheke:
Yini ipiramidi kaMaslow?
I- Iphiramidi kaMaslow , obizwa nangokuthi Isigaba sabaphathi bakwaMaslow sezidingo , ngumqondo owadalwa ngeminyaka yo-1950 yisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseMelika U-Abraham H. Maslow . Inhloso yawo ukunquma isethi yezimo ezidingekayo ukuze umuntu athole ukwaneliseka, noma ngabe kungokomuntu noma ngobungcweti.
Ngokwethiyori, abantu bahlala ekufuneni i- ukwaneliseka kwezidingo ezithile . Kusazi sezengqondo, ithemba lokuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo yilona elidala amandla ashukumisayo kubantu ngabanye.
Iphiramidi kaMaslow isetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ubukhulu bezidingo. Lokho wukuthi, ichaza ukuthi iziphi izisekelo eziyisisekelo (isisekelo sephiramidi) nezichaza kakhulu (ngenhla). Izidingo eziyisisekelo yilezo ezicatshangelwayo kuyadingeka ukuze usinde , kanti okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe kuyadingeka ukufeza ukwaneliseka komuntu siqu nokomsebenzi.
Nayi iphiramidi ekhonjisiwe:
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, iphiramidi inamazinga amahlanu: i-physiology , ukuphepha , uthando nobudlelwano , ukuhlonishwa futhi ukugcwaliseka komuntu siqu . Ngokuqhubeka kombhalo, sizochaza ngamunye kangcono.
Wayengubani u-Abraham Maslow?
U-Abraham Harold Maslow (1908 - 1970) wayengudokotela wezengqondo nomcwaningi waseMelika. Umsebenzi wakhe owawusakazeke kakhulu, ngokungangabazeki, isigaba sezidingo.
Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sasebenzela iMIT, njengoba sasungula isikhungo sokucwaninga vula AmaLabhoratri Kazwelonke weQembu Dynamics .
Ngaphezu kwephiramidi lezidingo, uMaslow ubuye wasebenza ocwaningweni lwamandla weqembu nokusebenzisana, namasu wokuxazulula izingxabano.
Isigaba sabaphathi bakwaMaslow sezidingo
KwiMaslow, izidingo zomuntu kumele waneliseka ngokulandelana . Lokho wukuthi, ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukucabanga ngezidingo zakho zokuphepha, umuntu kumele ahlangabezane nazo zonke izidingo esigabeni esedlule.
Ake sikhulume ngokuningiliziwe mayelana ne-hierarchies ngayinye ephiramidi:
Izidingo zomzimba
Lezi yizidingo eziyisisekelo kakhulu okumele kuhlangatshezwane nazo ukuze gcina umzimba ophilile futhi uqinisekise ukusinda . Lezi, ngokwesibonelo:
- Izinqubo ze i-homeostasis (ukuzwa kokushisa komzimba, ukusebenza kwehomoni, phakathi kwabanye)
- Izinqubo ukuphefumula , iphupho futhi Ukugaya
- Ukusatshalaliswa kwe- indlala futhi futhi
- Ukutholakala kwe- izindawo zokukhosela
UMaslow wayekholelwa ukuthi ngaphandle kwalezi zidingo ezanelisiwe umuntu akakwazi ngisho nokukhathazeka ngamazinga alandelayo ombhoshongo.
Ukutholakala kokudla kungenye yezidingo zomzimba zikaMaslow.
Izidingo zokuphepha
Isidingo sokuphepha sihlanganisa ngaphezu kokuba khona kwendawo yokukhosela. Bheka ezinye izibonelo:
- Ukuzinza umsebenzi : imali engenayo eqinisekisiwe
- Ukuphepha ngomzimba : indawo ephephile, ukuvikelwa okusongelayo
- Ukuphepha inhlanzeko : izinhlelo ze Ezempilo , ukungabikho ngenxa yokugula.
- Ukuphepha umndeni : umshuwalense wokuphila
- Ukuphepha kwe- impahla : ubunikazi bendlu, ukuvikelwa kwempahla yakho.
Lokho wukuthi, leli zinga lephiramidi liphathelene nemizwa yokuvikelwa kanye neziqinisekiso zezixazululo zezimo ezingaphezu kwamandla omuntu ngamunye.
Izinhlelo zezempilo ziyisibonelo sezidingo zokuphepha.
Uthando nezidingo zobudlelwano
Lezi zidingo zihlobene ne-a umuzwa wokuba ngowodwa nokusondelana , izici ezimbili ezibalulekile zenjabulo yomuntu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, siguquka ngokwenhlalo. Ubudlelwano obuhle neqembu kanye nozakwabo kubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokukhuthaza. Bona ezinye izibonelo:
- Ubungani
- Umndeni
- Thanda ubudlelwano
- Ubumfihlo
- Ukusondelana kukaPlato
- Ubulungu beqembu noma imiphakathi (isonto, isikole, amaqembu omsebenzi, amaqembu anentshisekelo efanayo)
- Ukukhomba kanye ukwamukelwa nontanga.
Isidingo sokusondelana nothando sivezwa kuleli zinga.
Izidingo zokulinganisa
Ngaphezu kokuthola ubudlelwano, nabantu bayakudinga uzizwe uyaziswa kuzo. Lokho wukuthi, udinga ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokubona amandla akho. Uyabadinga nabangane bakho bona ubone inani lazo eqenjini. Bona ezinye izibonelo:
- Yazisa
- Ukuzethemba
- Izimpumelelo kanye nempumelelo
- Ukuqashelwa phakathi ngababili
- Ngiyahlonipha kwabanye
- Ngiyahlonipha Okwe Okunye
Ukuphumelela nokuqashelwa nakho kubalulekile.
Izidingo zokufeza komuntu siqu
Lezi yizidingo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zomuntu. Noma kunjalo, zibalulekile kumuntu ngamunye kuzuzwe ukugcwaliseka kwangempela komuntu siqu nobuchwepheshe. I bheke:
- Ukuziphatha : chaza futhi ulandele uhlelo lwakho lokuziphatha
- Amanani : yazi futhi unamathele kumanani akho ayisisekelo
- Ukuzimela : ukuzimela kanye nenkululeko
- Ubuciko : inqubo evumela lowo muntu ukuthi asebenzise amakhono akhe amasha.
- Ukuzenzakalela : ikhono lokwenza ngokweqiniso nangokuvumelana nemicabango yakho.
- Ukulawula : lawula imizwa nezenzo zakho
- Ukuzazi : Qonda imigomo yakho, amandla akho nobuthakathaka bakho
Kuthatha ukusebenza kanzima, ukuzindla, kanye nokuzazi wena ukuhlangabezana nalezo zidingo. Kodwa-ke, lolu uhambo olufanele kakhulu.
Ukuzifeza kuphezulu kwephiramidi likaMaslow.
Amanye amaqiniso ngepiramidi kaMaslow
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukuthi uMaslow ukhomba ezinye izidingo ezintathu ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwephiramidi lakhe. Kunjalo:
- Udinga ukufunda : lowo muntu uzimisele ngokufunda, ukwazi nokuqonda umhlaba omzungezile.
- Isidingo sokwaneliseka ngobuhle : ukuseshwa kokuphelela, ukulinganisa, ubuhle nobuciko.
- Isidingo sokweqa : ukholo, ingokomoya, ukuxhumana nemvelo, ukwamukela ukufa.
Inhlangano yezikhundla eziphezulu, ngakho-ke, imi kanje:
- Izidingo ngokomzimba
- Izidingo ze ukuphepha
- Izidingo ze ubuhlobo
- Izidingo ze ukulinganisa
- Izidingo ukuqonda noma ukufunda
- Izidingo ubuhle
- Izidingo ze ukuzazi
- Izidingo ze ukweqa
Izidingo zephiramidi ebuyekeziwe zifaka phakathi ukufunda, ubuhle, nokwedlula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ezinye izici zepiramidi kaMaslow:
- Isinyathelo esisodwa kufanele sifezwe, okungenani ingxenye , ukuze umuntu adlulele ezingeni elilandelayo lobukhosi.
- Izidingo zokuzenzela azihlangatshezwa ngokuphelele njengoba imigomo emisha ivele njalo.
- I- izidingo ngokomzimba zizalwa nabantu, okungukuthi, ajwayelekile kubo bonke ohlobo . Futhi kulula ukuzijabulela.
- Ngokunqoba izinto zeqembu, umuntu ngamunye kuzokhuthazeka ukujaha labo baye ezingeni elilandelayo esigabeni sabaphathi.
- Ukukhungatheka, ukwesaba, ukukhathazeka nokungavikeleki kungahunyushwa ngokuthi imiphumela yokwehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile.
Umbono kaMaslow wesisusa
Ukulandelana kwezidingo kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuchaza nokukhuthaza abantu. Emibonweni eminingi yethiyori, inkuthazo ichazwa njenge ukuhlangana kwentando ngezenzo noma ngokuziphatha ukwanelisa isidingo. Ngale ncazelo, kulula ukuqonda ukuthi iphiramidi kaMaslow ingena kuphi kulesi sibalo.
Umbono kaMaslow usiza ukuqonda kangcono izisusa zabo.
Ngaphandle komthetho wokuthi kufanele kube neleveli enikeziwe ngaphambi kokudlulela kokulandelayo, iphiramidi manje libukeka isakhiwo esiguquguquka kalula . Izici ezithile ezisezingeni elilodwa kungenzeka zingahambelani nokugqugquzela, isibonelo. Okwamanje, othile kungenzeka ubheke ngenkuthalo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho kumazinga ahlukene.
Isibonelo, umuntu oshukunyiswa eyakhe umsebenzi kungashukunyiswa yizo zonke lezi zinto:
- Ukuzinza Ezezimali (Izinga 2)
- Okwabantu eqenjini (izinga 3)
- Ukuqashelwa phakathi ngababili (Izinga 4)
- Ngiyahlonipha kwabanye (izinga 4)
- Izimpumelelo nempumelelo (ileveli 4)
- Ubuciko (izinga 5)
- Ukuzimela (izinga 5)
Ukuhlala unogqozi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi sifunani nokuthi yiziphi izinhloso zethu. Iphiramidi kaMaslow ingasiza ukudweba lezi zinhloso futhi siqonde kangcono ukuthi yiziphi izidingo esizama ukuhlangabezana nazo.
Iphiramidi likaMaslow lisetshenzisiwe kulo msebenzi
Iphiramidi kaMaslow iguqulelwe esimweni sobuchwepheshe ukukhombisa kangcono ukuthi izidingo zomuntu zingaqondakala kanjani ngaphakathi kwenhlangano.
Ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo kusho abasebenzi abajabule kakhudlwana futhi abazimisele . Ukwazi le mininingwane kungasiza inkampani ukunciphisa izindleko, ukwenza lula izinqubo, kanye nokuhamba kancane kwabasebenzi.
Bona i-Adapting Maslow's Pyramid ye-Work Environment ukuze uziqonde kangcono izidingo zabasebenzi emsebenzini:
- Isisekelo : ukuphumula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, iholo elanele, ukutholakala kwezikhathi zokudla namakhefu ngezikhathi zomsebenzi.
- Izinga lesi-2: isiqinisekiso sokuzinza, iholo elihle, indawo yokusebenza ephephile futhi ngaphandle kwezingozi.
- Izinga lesi-3: ubudlelwano obuhle nabaholi nontanga, ukwakha ubungani emsebenzini, ukuzizwa wamukelekile kubantu enkampanini
- Izinga lesi-4: waziwa ngemiphumela yakho, ukunqoba kuphakama noma imiklomelo, yiba nombono wakho njengochwepheshe ohlonishwayo
- Ngenhla : babe nokuzimela ezinqumweni zabo, babambe iqhaza ezinqumweni ezibalulekile zenkampani, benze umsebenzi abawuthandayo nokuthi bakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono abo okudala nokuxazulula izinkinga nsuku zonke.
Ubudlelwano obuhle bezabasebenzi buyisibonelo sephiramidi likaMaslow elisetshenziswa endaweni yezinkampani.
Yini ukubaluleka kwangempela kwephiramidi likaMaslow?
Iphiramidi kaMaslow iyithuluzi elinamandla amangalisayo. Kungakusiza kufayela lakho le- inqubo yokuzazi ikakhulukazi ekuqondeni izinto ezibangela ugqozi kuwe.
Ukuze uhlale ukhuthazekile futhi ufeze izinhloso zakho, udinga ukudlula ukwazi izinhloso zakho: kumele uqonde ukuthi yini ekuqhubela phambili kubo .
Iphiramidi kaMaslow iphelele ukusiza kulo msebenzi. Isibonelo, ungabona ukuthi izinhloso zakho zikuliphi izinga, uqonde kangcono okufunayo, futhi thola izindlela eziningi zokufinyelela izinhloso zakho .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziswa endaweni yezinkampani, iphiramidi likaMaslow lingakwazi izinkampani ezisizayo ziqinisekise ukuthi amaqembu azo ahlala ekhuthazeka. Abantu abahlangabezana nezidingo zabo eziyisisekelo bakha indawo enempilo, enobuciko, futhi ekhiqiza kakhulu. Ukuhlala ukhuthazekile kuyakwazi ukunciphisa izindleko, ukwandisa imiphumela, ukunciphisa inzuzo nokwenza ngcono inqubo yokwenza kahle.
Ukuzinza ngokomzwelo, ukugqugquzela, nokuziqaphela kuyizinzuzo zokusebenzisa iphiramidi kaMaslow.
Iphiramidi kaMaslow isetshenziselwe ukuqeqesha
KuMaslow, injabulo ixhumene ngqo nokuhlangabezana nezidingo eziboniswe esigabeni sabaphathi bephiramidi. Lokho wukuthi, umuntu kufanele anelise amazinga aphakeme kakhulu ephiramidi ukufeza imizwa yokunqoba nokwaneliseka.
Umbhali uze achaze ukuzibona ngokwakho njengesifiso sokukhulisa amandla akho, ufuna ukubonakaliswa kwangempela kwengqikithi yomuntu.
Umuntu ozanelisa uhlala efuna ukwenza izinto ezithuthukisa inhlalakahle nentuthuko yabantu abamzungezile. Ngokulandela ibhulogi yethu, kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele usibonile ukuthi iphiramidi kaMaslow ingasetshenziswa kanjani ekuqeqesheni.
ICoaching isebenzisa imiqondo evela kwi-psychology enhle nakwezinye izikole ezahlukahlukene zolwazi ukukhuthaza ukuzazi nokuzithuthukisa. Ukuqonda izisusa zakho nezidingo zakho kuyingxenye yale nqubo, okuvumela ukuqonda okubanzi kwemigomo yakho.
Ukuqeqesha kukusiza ukuthi uzazi kangcono futhi uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Ukuzivocavoca: ukukhomba izisusa zakho
Sithanda ukuphakamisa ukuvivinya umzimba. Ungasebenzisa iphiramidi yendabuko, enwetshiwe, noma esetshenziselwe lokhu.
Okubalulekile ukuthi cabanga ngezidingo ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe . Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukuthi ubheka ukuthi basebenzisana kanjani nezinhloso zakho zesikhathi eside.
Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ufuna okufunayo kungakusiza uthole izindlela eziningi zokufika lapho. Futhi, ungathola isisusa esiningi lapho uziqonda kangcono izifiso zakho.
Landela izinyathelo ezingezansi kulokhu okukhombisa:
- Dweba noma ubhale amazinga ezidingo zephiramidi.
- Ophiramidi, bhala eyodwa yezinhloso noma amaphupho akho amakhulu .
- Khomba kuphiramidi, kusukela ezingeni lokuqala, wonke ama idinga ukuhlangatshezwa ngokufeza lezi zinhloso.
- Yikuphi kulezi zidingo zibaluleke kakhulu kuwe ? Ngoba?
Yenza lokhu kuveza futhi uqonde kangcono izidingo zakho.
Ukubuyekezwa okuvame kakhulu kwephiramidi likaMaslow
Umbono wepiramidi kaMaslow ngokungangabazeki izinguquko ku ukuqhathanisa nemizamo yangaphambilini yokuchaza izinto ezishukumisayo ezihambisana nobuntu babantu. Kuze kube namuhla, isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezimo.
Noma kunjalo, akukho okungaphansi abagxeki uku ukuhlelwa kwezidingo , ikakhulukazi endaweni yokuphatha. Ngalesi sizathu, iphiramidi manje selithathwa njengesakhiwo esiguquguquka kakhulu kunaleso esichazwe nguMaslow.
Amanye ama-theorists aze athi abukho ubufakazi bohlelo lokulandelana kwezidingo zethu. Ngakho-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi bonke bangabo bonke kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukwaneliseka komuntu siqu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunemfundiso yokuthi banganqotshwa nganoma iyiphi i-oda.
Kodwa-ke, izidingo ezichazwe nguMaslow zinjalo kwaziwa kabanzi njengezici ezishukumisayo futhi kubalulekile ekugcwalisekeni komuntu siqu nobuchwepheshe. Iningi lokugxekwa kwalo mbono ligxile odabeni lobukhosi kanye nokubekwa phambili kwalezi zidingo. Siphinde sithole ukugxekwa ngokuhunyushwa okungalungile kwetemu, okuvame ukudidaniswa nesifiso.
Ngokuvamile, ayikho inkolelo-mbono ehlobene nokugqugquzela ngemuva kokudalwa kwephiramidi likaMaslow ephikisana noma engasebenzi umqondo. Umbhoshongo, nanamuhla, unjalo efanele kakhulu yezindawo ezahlukahlukene zokufunda lapho usetshenziswa khona.
isiphetho
Iphiramidi kaMaslow kungenzeka ibe umlingani onamandla ohambweni lwakho lokuzazi futhi ukugqugquzela . Ukuqonda kangcono izidingo zakho nokuthi zixhumana kanjani nezinhloso nezinhloso zakho kubalulekile ukuze uhlale unogqozi.
Ngokwengeziwe, lolu lwazi lungakusiza ekutholeni izindlela ezizokuholela ezinhlosweni zakho, noma livumelanise izinhloso zakho nezidingo ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe.
Yize yadalwa ngawo-1950s, iPyramid kaMaslow kusengenye yemiqondo efanele futhi esetshenzisiwe kakhulu endaweni yezidingo zabantu kanye nezisusa. Kusukela ekugxekeni okwengeziwe, isakhiwo manje sesibukeka siguquguquka kalula, kepha sisalondoloze inani laso lemfundiso kanye nokusebenziseka.
Okuqukethwe
- Yini ipiramidi kaMaslow?
- Wayengubani u-Abraham Maslow?
- Isigaba sabaphathi bakwaMaslow sezidingo
- Izidingo zomzimba
- Izidingo zokuphepha
- Uthando nezidingo zobudlelwano
- Izidingo zokulinganisa
- Izidingo zokufeza komuntu siqu
- Amanye amaqiniso ngepiramidi kaMaslow
- Umbono kaMaslow wesisusa
- Iphiramidi likaMaslow lisetshenzisiwe kulo msebenzi
- Yini ukubaluleka kwangempela kwephiramidi likaMaslow?
- Iphiramidi kaMaslow isetshenziselwe ukuqeqesha
- Ukuzivocavoca: ukukhomba izisusa zakho
- Ukubuyekezwa okuvame kakhulu kwephiramidi likaMaslow
- isiphetho