Yini injongo yemitosis?
Iseli liyunithi elisebenzayo elisemqoka eliqhuba i- umsebenzi webhayoloji yakho konke kusuka kubhaktheriya nesikhunta kuya kwimikhomo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nama-redwoods amade. Lezi zinhlaka ezinamandla, eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ezincane zifeza ukukhula nokuvuselelwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezinamaseli amaningi nge-mitosis, inqubo ephawulekayo eguqula iseli libe amaseli amabili.
Incazelo efanele
Okuyisisekelo injongo ka mitosis kuya ngencazelo oyisebenzisa kuleli gama. I-Mitosis ivame ukuxoxwa kabanzi njengegama elifanayo lokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli. Ngalo mqondo, mitosis kuyinto inqubo okuziphindaphinda ngayo iseli ukwakha iseli lendodakazi elifana nofuzo.
Incazelo elungile ngokwengeziwe yobuchwepheshe be-mitosis yinqubo lapho i-nucleus iziphindaphinda futhi ihlukanise izakhi ezimbili ngamakhophi ngqo ezinto zofuzo.
Umnyombo omusha
IMitosis, ngokwencazelo eqondile, inezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko: i-prophase, i-metaphase, i-anaphase ne-telophase. Izigaba ezintathu zokuqala ziphathelene nokwehlukaniswa nokuhlelwa kwe ama-chromosomes ezaziphindwe kabili phakathi kwe-interphase, eyandulela i-mitosis.
Ama-Chromosomes ngama-molecule amade aqukethe imininingwane yezofuzo enjenge-deoxyribonucleic acid, eyaziwa kakhulu nge-DNA.
Ngesikhathi telophase , kwakhiwa i-nucleus entsha ezungeze isethi ngayinye yama-chromosomes, okuholela ezinhlakeni ezimbili ezifanayo zofuzo. IMitosis iqala ukwenzeka kwinqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli ngoba iseli elisha alikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwengqikithi equkethe imininingwane yezofuzo ebalulekile ekuphathweni kwemisebenzi yeselula.
Iseli elilodwa, amaseli amabili
Ukwahlukaniswa kwamaseli kuqala nge-mitosis futhi kugcine nge-cytokinesis, lapho uketshezi lweselula, olwaziwa ngokuthi i-cytoplasm, luhlukana khona lube amaseli amabili azungeze ama-nuclei amabili akhiwe ngesikhathi se-mitosis.
Emangqamuzaneni ezilwane, i-cytokinesis yenzeka njengenqubo encishayo ekugcineni ecindezela iseli lomzali oyedwa libe izingxenye ezimbili. Amaseli angaphakathi kwezitshalo, i-cytokinesis ifezwa yipuleti yeselula eyakha enkabeni yeseli futhi ekugcineni ihlukaniswe ngamaseli amabili.
Ayikho i-Nucleus, ayikho i-mitosis
Incazelo eqondile ye-mitosis njengokuhlukaniswa kwenuzi kunokuhlukaniswa okujwayelekile kwamaselula kusiza ukucacisa iphuzu elibalulekile - i-mitosis isebenza kuphela kumaseli e-eukaryotic. Wonke amaseli awela ezigabeni ezimbili ezibanzi: i-prokaryotic ne-eukaryotic. Amagciwane kanye nezidalwa ezinengqamuzana eyodwa ezaziwa ngokuthi i-archaea ngamaseli e-prokaryotic, futhi izinto ezifana nezitshalo, izilwane nesikhunta zinamaseli e-eukaryotic.
Okunye kokunquma kokunquma phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli lapho kukhona khona ingqikithi: amaseli e-eukaryotic anomgogodla ohlukile, namaseli we-prokaryotic awanawo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-mitosis ayinakusebenza ekuhlukanisweni kwamaseli e-prokaryotic, okubizwa ngokuthi yi-cleavage kanambambili.
Okuqukethwe